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Prospective Students Current Students Faculty & Staff Alumni Industry Start your application today Undergraduate Admissions Graduate Admissions Dual Degree Program Graduate applicants: Attend an info session and skip the application fee Search Trending Searches graduate admissions academic programs financial aid academic calendar maps & directions summer school Home News & Events Altered carbon points toward sustainable manufacturing Altered carbon points toward sustainable manufacturing Feng Jiao scaled up carbon dioxide conversion process to a much larger scale Shawn Ballard  06.03.2024 Feng Jiao’s two-step system for carbon dioxide (CO2) electrolysis works by converting CO2 into carbon monoxide (CO), then processing CO into multi-carbon products like ethylene and acetate, which can be used in the plastics and food industries. (Credit: Feng Jiao) Share Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Linkedin Email The recent spike in food prices isn&＃8217;t just bad news for your grocery bill. It also impacts the sugars used in biomanufacturing, which, by the way, isn&＃8217;t quite as green as scientists and climate advocates expected. Surging prices and increasing urgency for genuinely sustainable manufacturing has pushed researchers to explore alternative feedstocks. Feng Jiao, the Elvera and William R. Stuckenberg Professor in in the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis, developed a two-step process to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable carbon-based materials used in the production of food, plastics and other commodity chemicals. Jiao&＃8217;s tandem CO2 electrolysis produces acetate and ethylene. Acetate is a close relative of the more familiar acetic acid, or vinegar, which can be used as food for microbes used in biomanufacturing, and ethylene is a common component found in plastics and other polymers.&＃160; In a study published June 3 in Nature Chemical Engineering, Jiao demonstrated that his tandem CO2 electrolyzer, which was specifically engineered for enhanced production of multi-carbon products, successfully scales up to produce a kilogram of chemicals per day at high concentration and purity. This represents a 1,000% increase in scale over previous demonstrations, offering a pathway to industrial feasibility, which Jiao and his team further supported with a techno-economic analysis showing the technique&＃8217;s commercial viability. &＃8220;Most work in CO2 electrocatalysis is done at a small scale, about a gram a day,&＃8221; said Jiao. &＃8220;Scaling up by three orders of magnitude to produce a kilogram per day, as we have done, is a big step, but still nowhere near the scale of global CO2 emission, which is gigatons per year.&＃160; &＃8220;Scaling up isn&＃8217;t just about system size,&＃8221; Jiao continued. &＃8220;We also have to address engineering challenges, for example, how to separate products and how to maintain performance when dealing with scaled up effects in temperature and transport considerations.&＃8221; Building upon insights gleaned from smaller scale experiments, Jiao&＃8217;s team successfully designed and operated a CO2 electrolyzer and carbon monoxide (CO) electrolyzer in a tandem configuration. The two electrochemical reactors work in series &＃8211; first converting CO2 to CO, then CO to multi-carbon products &＃8211; which allows the system to be more efficient through task specialization. The electrolyzer stack performed consistently and stably for over 125 hours &＃8211; a testament to its robustness, Jiao said. During this operational period, the system churned out 98 liters of acetate at high concentration and 96% purity. A key achievement of Jiao&＃8217;s system is not only enhanced production capability, but also the system's resilience against industrial impurities, a critical factor in real-world applications. This resilience ensures that the system can maintain its high performance amid challenges posed by typical industrial environments. &＃8220;This is the first step in scaling up to commercial applications,&＃8221; Jiao said. &＃8220;We&＃8217;re trying to invent a scalable way to produce acetate from CO2, which would allow us to shift carbon feedstocks, provide economical pathways to use CO2 and turn it into something useful, and cut down CO2 emissions associated with traditional chemical manufacturing processes. This new pathway gets us very close to net-zero carbon emission.&＃8221; Back to the grocery store. If Jiao&＃8217;s CO2 conversion process works at a large scale, that&＃8217;s not just saving big money on buying the sugar required to feed the microbes that do the heavy lifting in biomanufacturing. It also avoids the emissions that come with agricultural production of those sugar feedstocks. Even better, producing acetate and ethylene on a massive scale could set up a circular manufacturing process where captured CO2 feeds microbes instead of contributing to harmful environmental impacts. Then, when CO2 is produced as a byproduct of biomanufacturing, it can be recaptured and reprocessed to feed the next generation of microbes.&＃160; &＃8220;We&＃8217;re in the process of scaling the system up again, by another order of magnitude,&＃8221; Jiao said. &＃8220;We&＃8217;re working on fine-tuning the system, for example by using different catalysts, and improving performance by making the more stable, robust and efficient. If everything works out, we could be seeing this technology in a commercial scale demonstration in five to ten years.&＃8221; Crandall BS, Ko BH, Overa S, Cherniack L, Lee A, Minnie I, Jiao F. Tandem CO2 electrolysis: From Watt to Kilowatt-scale for enhanced acetate and ethylene production. Nature Chemical Engineering, June 3, 2024. DOI: https://www.nature.com/articles/s44286-024-00076-8. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FE0031910). The McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis promotes independent inquiry and education with an emphasis on scientific excellence, innovation and collaboration without boundaries. McKelvey Engineering has top-ranked research and graduate programs across departments, particularly in biomedical engineering, environmental engineering and computing, and has one of the most selective undergraduate programs in the country. With 165 full-time faculty, 1,420 undergraduate students, 1,614 graduate students and 21,000 living alumni, we are working to solve some of society’s greatest challenges; to prepare students to become leaders and innovate throughout their careers; and to be a catalyst of economic development for the St. Louis region and beyond. Click on the topics below for more stories in those areas Research Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Back to News Faculty in this story View Profile Feng Jiao Professor In the Media Waste 360: Paper and pulp waste takes on role in carbon conversion to make new products You may also be interested in: Advancing robot autonomy in unpredictable environments Yiannis Kantaros will enable teams of robots to interact collaboratively, perceive and respond to their environment with a CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation. 06.10.2024 DEMIST artificial intelligence tool may enhance usability of medical images A deep-learning-based image denoising method developed by Abhinav Jha may improve detection of myocardial defects in low-count SPECT scans. 06.04.2024 Quantum physics may help lasers see through fog, aid in communications JT Shen to pioneer two-color quantum photonic laser with DARPA grant. 06.04.2024 Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Instagram YouTube Engineering Departments Biomedical Engineering Computer Science & Engineering Division of Engineering Education Electrical & Systems Engineering Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Sever Institute - professional degrees Technology & Leadership Center - training for industry Contact Us Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering MSC: 1100-122-303 1 Brookings Drive St. Louis, MO 63130-4899 Contact Us Resources COVID-19 Resources Canvas Directory Equity, Diversity & Inclusion Emergency Management Engineering IT Maps & Directions Make a Gift WebFAC / WebSTAC ©2024 Washington University in St. Louis. 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