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Prospective Students Current Students Faculty & Staff Alumni Industry Start your application today Undergraduate Admissions Graduate Admissions Dual Degree Program Graduate applicants: Attend an info session and skip the application fee Search Trending Searches graduate admissions academic programs financial aid academic calendar maps & directions summer school Home News & Events WashU awarded up to $20 million to develop high-tech imaging technology WashU awarded up to $20 million to develop high-tech imaging technology Chao Zhou leads multidisciplinary team to create portable device to scan for eye diseases Beth Miller  02.08.2024 (Clockwise, from left) Chao Zhou, Aravind Nagalu, Lan Yang, all from McKelvey School of Engineering; Shu-Wei Huang, from the University of Colorado Boulder; Rithwick Rajagopal, MD, PhD, and Margaret Reynolds, MD, both from Washington University School of Medicine. Share Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Linkedin Email In the United States, more than one-fourth of adults over age 40 have an eye disease, including glaucoma, cataracts or age-related macular degeneration, or a chronic health condition that affects the eyes, such as diabetic retinopathy. These conditions are a strain on an individual&＃8217;s health as well as on the health care system, yet early diagnosis and management can help to prevent more than 90% of severe vision loss. Chao Zhou, a professor of biomedical engineering in the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis, has been working to improve optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems that can conduct high-resolution imaging of the eyes. Now, with an up to $20 million contract from the Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H), he plans to create a portable OCT system based on photonic integrated circuits (PIC) and custom-designed electronic integrated circuits that could offer advanced eye screening to many more patients and at a lower cost. The technology also could be used in other applications, such as cardiology, dermatology, dentistry, endoscopy and urology.&＃160; The contract is part of ARPA-H&＃8217;s first call for proposals for unconventional approaches to improving health outcomes across patient populations, communities, diseases and health conditions through breakthrough research and technological advancements. It is the first ARPA-H contract awarded to Washington University in St. Louis.&＃160; Traditional OCT systems are expensive, complex, bulky and labor-intensive to assemble and calibrate. The proposed system would weigh a few pounds, take high-resolution 3D scans of the retina in less than a second and be a fraction of the cost of the traditional systems.&＃160;&＃160; &＃8220;The integration of photonic and electronic integrated circuits simplifies the assembly process and lowers production costs, making OCT more accessible to a wider range of health care facilities and patients,&＃8221; Zhou said. &＃8220;Integrating components on a photonic chip also enhances overall stability and robustness, making these systems less susceptible to environmental influences and wear and tear, ensuring a longer lifespan and lower maintenance costs.&＃8221; Zhou&＃8217;s group invented the space-division multiplexing optical coherence tomography (SDM-OCT), a technique that takes multiple high-definition OCT images simultaneously with a single detector and is at least 10 times faster than existing OCT scanners, which creates fewer opportunities for errors from patient movement. However, these systems required extensive time and labor to assemble components for each channel, which limited their broad use. With the ARPA-H funding, Zhou and collaborators will assemble the components in a photonic chip using advancements in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes used in the semiconductor industry. This will streamline manufacturing and lower costs. Once functioning, they will conduct studies using the device on adult and pediatric patients. Developing a fully integrated photonic-integrated chip (PIC)-OCT system is very impactful yet also very challenging, the researchers said, so the team has divided its work into eight parts, ranging from developing components to testing. At the end of the five-year project, the team expects to have developed photonic and electronic chips and portable PIC-OCT prototypes specifically for ophthalmic imaging. The proposed system is more than 50 times faster than existing state-of-the-art commercial OCT systems at a fraction of the cost, the researchers said. By optimizing and integrating the photonic and electronic circuits, the researchers can create an integrated image acquisition and signal processing engine with benefits that extend into other areas of health care, such as glucose sensing and portable skin imagers.&＃160; Collaborating with Zhou are: Shu-Wei Huang, assistant professor of electrical, computer, and energy engineering and of biomedical engineering at the University of Colorado Boulder; Aravind Nagulu, assistant professor of electrical & systems engineering in the McKelvey School of Engineering; Rithwick Rajagopal, MD, PhD, associate professor of ophthalmology and visual sciences at Washington University School of Medicine; Margaret Reynolds, assistant professor of ophthalmology and visual sciences at Washington University School of Medicine. Lan Yang, Edwin H. & Florence G. Skinner Professor in the Preston M. Green Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering in the McKelvey School of Engineering.&＃160; Yang said it is in her long-term interest to transform knowledge in photonics research into technologies and tangible products with a far-reaching societal impact, with health care applications at the top of her agenda. &＃8220;I'm excited to be part of this multidisciplinary team that aims to develop a new OCT system with capabilities and features enabled by advancements in nanofabrication processes for optoelectronic devices driven by various industries, from telecommunication to data centers and consumer electronics,&＃8221; Yang said. &＃8220;Our proposed portable OCT system, based on photonic integrated circuits (PIC), will provide advanced and cost-effective eye screening and extend its benefits to other medical fields." Rajagopal said that eye doctors have benefitted from the diagnostic insights offered by OCT technology for the past 15 years, but the systems are limited by scan-speed and field-of-view.&＃160; Most modern scanners can only image the very center of the retina &＃8211; the macula &＃8211; and require cooperative patients who have the mobility to maneuver into and stay steady on a desktop system for at least 30-60 seconds (or more), Rajagopal said. &＃8220;I am enthusiastic about the potential clinical benefits offered by Dr. Zhou&＃8217;s new system, as it may allow us to perform much higher resolution scans and include simultaneous peripheral scanning in addition to the retinal center, all while taking a fraction of the time required by currently available systems,&＃8221; Rajagopal said. &＃8220;We may therefore be able to scan patients who are unable to cooperate for traditional ocular imaging, including young children and adults with disabilities, without the need for pupillary dilation or sedated exams.&＃8221; The team will work with commercial foundries to fabricate the photonic and electronic integrated circuits. &＃8220;Not only does this fully integrated PIC-OCT system outperform conventional OCT systems, but it also boasts excellent manufacturability and robustness and reduces device footprint,&＃8221; Zhou said. &＃8220;In addition, mass production would significantly reduce manufacturing costs, paving the way for widespread future dissemination.&＃8221; While the team already has several U.S. and international patents related to the SDM-OCT, it is working with Washington University&＃8217;s Office of Technology Management on patent applications for the improved design. They will also work with ARPA-H Project Accelerator Transition Innovation Office (PATIO) and with the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) on regulatory considerations to clear the pathway for future clinical translation. "I am very excited to be part of this world-class team to pursue this ambitious project that makes OCT&＃160;a true point-of-care solution,&＃8221; Huang said. &＃8220;It is a perfect example showing how PIC technology can be transformative in areas other than communication and computing.&＃8221; The McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis promotes independent inquiry and education with an emphasis on scientific excellence, innovation and collaboration without boundaries. McKelvey Engineering has top-ranked research and graduate programs across departments, particularly in biomedical engineering, environmental engineering and computing, and has one of the most selective undergraduate programs in the country. With 165 full-time faculty, 1,420 undergraduate students, 1,614 graduate students and 21,000 living alumni, we are working to solve some of society’s greatest challenges; to prepare students to become leaders and innovate throughout their careers; and to be a catalyst of economic development for the St. Louis region and beyond. Click on the topics below for more stories in those areas Research Biomedical Engineering Electrical & Systems Engineering Back to News Faculty in this story View Profile Lan Yang Professor View Profile Chao Zhou Professor View Profile Aravind Nagulu Assistant Professor You may also be interested in: Advancing robot autonomy in unpredictable environments Yiannis Kantaros will enable teams of robots to interact collaboratively, perceive and respond to their environment with a CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation. 06.10.2024 DEMIST artificial intelligence tool may enhance usability of medical images A deep-learning-based image denoising method developed by Abhinav Jha may improve detection of myocardial defects in low-count SPECT scans. 06.04.2024 Quantum physics may help lasers see through fog, aid in communications JT Shen to pioneer two-color quantum photonic laser with DARPA grant. 06.04.2024 Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Instagram YouTube Engineering Departments Biomedical Engineering Computer Science & Engineering Division of Engineering Education Electrical & Systems Engineering Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Sever Institute - professional degrees Technology & Leadership Center - training for industry Contact Us Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering MSC: 1100-122-303 1 Brookings Drive St. Louis, MO 63130-4899 Contact Us Resources COVID-19 Resources Canvas Directory Equity, Diversity & Inclusion Emergency Management Engineering IT Maps & Directions Make a Gift WebFAC / WebSTAC ©2024 Washington University in St. Louis. 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