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Skip to content AboutNews/In the MediaSiteman Cancer Center ranked No. 10 among U.S. cancer centersSiteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine has been named No. 10 among cancer centers nationally by U.S. News & World Report. The recognition is part of the overall ranking&＃8230;Read The Full Story Mission, Vision &＃038; History Why Siteman Diversity, Equity &＃038; Inclusion at SitemanAboutDiversity, Equity &＃038; Inclusion at SitemanLearn More Leadership Organizations Committees Partnerships Contact This is Cancer Learning With National Leaders In the News TreatmentClinicalHow Siteman is leading the way in personalized brain tumor treatmentIf you or a loved one have recently been diagnosed with a brain tumor, you likely feel a great deal of fear and have many questions. The brain is the epicenter of who we are,&＃8230;Read The Full Story Physician Directory Clinical Trials Search Patient Experience Siteman Psychology Service Survivorship Cardio-Oncology Lymphedema Surgery NCI Cancer Information A to Z Treatment Roles Cancer Types Bladder Brain Breast Cervical Childhood Cancers Colorectal Young Onset Colorectal Esophageal Gallbladder Head/Neck Kidney Leukemia Liver Lung Lymphoma Multiple Myeloma Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Ovarian Pancreatic Prostate Sarcoma/Rare Tumors Skin Stomach Testicular Thyroid Uterine The Siteman Approach Medical Therapy Expertise in Radiation Oncology Surgery Genetics and Hereditary Cancer Cancer Imaging Immunology and Immunotherapy Pathology Patient and Family Services Specialized Programs Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapies Center Gynecologic Oncology Brain Tumor Center Sarcoma VisitingNews/In the MediaSiteman Cancer Center expands proton therapy treatmentSiteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine is expanding proton therapy for patients by adding the latest, most innovative technology to its S. Lee Kling Proton Therapy Center with the addition of&＃8230;Read The Full Story Patient and Family Services Washington University Medical Campus West County St. Charles County South County Siteman Kids at St. Louis Children’s Hospital North County Illinois Siteman Cancer Network Cancer Care Clinic Barnard Health and Cancer Information Center Pharmacies Payment Information &＃038; Assistance Patient Rights Patient Privacy PreventionPreventionSiteman explains what every woman should know about endometrial cancer risk, symptoms and screeningEndometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer for women in the United States. It also accounts for approximately 4 percent of cancer deaths in women. However, because it is usually diagnosed early, it is&＃8230;Read The Full Story Your Disease Risk® Preventing Cancer Risk Factors Screening Smoking Cessation Mammography Genetic Counseling Cancer News in Context 8IGHTWAYS® to Prevent Cancer Health Disparities Community Outreach and Engagement ResearchResearchImmunity boosting treatment enhances CAR-T cell therapy for blood cancersAdvances in cellular immunotherapy that spur genetically modified T cells to attack cancer cells have revolutionized the treatment of certain blood cancers. Six such CAR-T cell therapies are approved by the Food and Drug Administration&＃8230;Read The Full Story List of Researchers Significant Research Advances Learn About Clinical Trials Membership Information Plan to Enhance Diversity (PED) Research Programs Funding Opportunities Training &＃038; Education Shared Resources (Cores) Resources for Researchers SPORE in Pancreatic Cancer SPORE in Endometrial Cancer SPORE in Leukemia Center for Genome Integrity CliniciansNews/In the Media$5.3 million grant supports research into lung cancer recurrenceResearchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis are leading a national study aimed at identifying patients with early-stage lung cancer who are at high risk of having the cancer return, even after&＃8230;Read The Full Story Physician Services Educational Programs GiveNews/In the MediaCouple honors physician with gift for distinguished professorshipEndowment will support leader in gynecologic oncology Financial adviser Elizabeth Mannen Berges lives each day with heightened gratitude for the basic components of a meaningful life—fulfilling work, caring relationships, and a sense of purpose. A&＃8230;Read The Full Story Siteman Advancement Office Volunteering and Contributing The Foundation for Barnes-Jewish Hospital AboutNews/In the MediaSiteman Cancer Center ranked No. 10 among U.S. cancer centersSiteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine has been named No. 10 among cancer centers nationally by U.S. News & World Report. The recognition is part of the overall ranking...Read The Full StoryAboutNews/In the MediaSiteman Cancer Center ranked No. 10 among U.S. cancer centersSiteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine has been named No. 10 among cancer centers nationally by U.S. News & World Report. The recognition is part of the overall ranking...Read The Full StoryMission, Vision & HistoryWhy SitemanDiversity, Equity &＃038; Inclusion at SitemanAboutDiversity, Equity &＃038; Inclusion at SitemanLearn MoreLeadershipOrganizationsCommitteesPartnershipsContactThis is CancerLearning With National LeadersIn the NewsTreatmentClinicalHow Siteman is leading the way in personalized brain tumor treatmentIf you or a loved one have recently been diagnosed with a brain tumor, you likely feel a great deal of fear and have many questions. The brain is the epicenter of who we are,...Read The Full StoryTreatmentClinicalHow Siteman is leading the way in personalized brain tumor treatmentIf you or a loved one have recently been diagnosed with a brain tumor, you likely feel a great deal of fear and have many questions. The brain is the epicenter of who we are,...Read The Full StoryPhysician DirectoryClinical Trials SearchPatient ExperienceSiteman Psychology ServiceSurvivorshipCardio-OncologyLymphedema SurgeryNCI Cancer Information A to ZTreatment RolesCancer TypesCancer TypesBladderBrainBreastCervicalChildhood CancersColorectalYoung Onset ColorectalEsophagealGallbladderHead/NeckKidneyLeukemiaLiverLungLymphomaMultiple MyelomaMyelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)OvarianPancreaticProstateSarcoma/Rare TumorsSkinStomachTesticularThyroidUterineThe Siteman ApproachThe Siteman ApproachMedical TherapyExpertise in Radiation OncologySurgeryGenetics and Hereditary CancerCancer ImagingImmunology and ImmunotherapyPathologyPatient and Family ServicesSpecialized ProgramsSpecialized ProgramsStem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapies CenterGynecologic OncologyBrain Tumor CenterSarcomaVisitingNews/In the MediaSiteman Cancer Center expands proton therapy treatmentSiteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine is expanding proton therapy for patients by adding the latest, most innovative technology to its S. Lee Kling Proton Therapy Center with the addition of...Read The Full StoryVisitingNews/In the MediaSiteman Cancer Center expands proton therapy treatmentSiteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine is expanding proton therapy for patients by adding the latest, most innovative technology to its S. Lee Kling Proton Therapy Center with the addition of...Read The Full StoryPatient and Family ServicesWashington University Medical CampusWest CountySt. Charles CountySouth CountySiteman Kids at St. Louis Children’s HospitalNorth CountyIllinoisSiteman Cancer NetworkCancer Care ClinicBarnard Health and Cancer Information CenterPharmaciesPayment Information &＃038; AssistancePatient RightsPatient PrivacyPreventionPreventionSiteman explains what every woman should know about endometrial cancer risk, symptoms and screeningEndometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer for women in the United States. It also accounts for approximately 4 percent of cancer deaths in women. However, because it is usually diagnosed early, it is...Read The Full StoryPreventionPreventionSiteman explains what every woman should know about endometrial cancer risk, symptoms and screeningEndometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer for women in the United States. It also accounts for approximately 4 percent of cancer deaths in women. However, because it is usually diagnosed early, it is...Read The Full StoryYour Disease Risk®Preventing CancerRisk FactorsScreeningSmoking CessationMammographyGenetic CounselingCancer News in Context8IGHTWAYS® to Prevent CancerHealth DisparitiesCommunity Outreach and EngagementResearchResearchImmunity boosting treatment enhances CAR-T cell therapy for blood cancersAdvances in cellular immunotherapy that spur genetically modified T cells to attack cancer cells have revolutionized the treatment of certain blood cancers. Six such CAR-T cell therapies are approved by the Food and Drug Administration...Read The Full StoryResearchResearchImmunity boosting treatment enhances CAR-T cell therapy for blood cancersAdvances in cellular immunotherapy that spur genetically modified T cells to attack cancer cells have revolutionized the treatment of certain blood cancers. Six such CAR-T cell therapies are approved by the Food and Drug Administration...Read The Full StoryList of ResearchersSignificant Research AdvancesLearn About Clinical TrialsMembership InformationPlan to Enhance Diversity (PED)Research ProgramsFunding OpportunitiesTraining &＃038; EducationShared Resources (Cores)Resources for ResearchersSPORE in Pancreatic CancerSPORE in Endometrial CancerSPORE in LeukemiaCenter for Genome IntegrityCliniciansNews/In the Media$5.3 million grant supports research into lung cancer recurrenceResearchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis are leading a national study aimed at identifying patients with early-stage lung cancer who are at high risk of having the cancer return, even after...Read The Full StoryCliniciansNews/In the Media$5.3 million grant supports research into lung cancer recurrenceResearchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis are leading a national study aimed at identifying patients with early-stage lung cancer who are at high risk of having the cancer return, even after...Read The Full StoryPhysician ServicesEducational ProgramsGiveNews/In the MediaCouple honors physician with gift for distinguished professorshipEndowment will support leader in gynecologic oncology Financial adviser Elizabeth Mannen Berges lives each day with heightened gratitude for the basic components of a meaningful life—fulfilling work, caring relationships, and a sense of purpose. A...Read The Full StoryGiveNews/In the MediaCouple honors physician with gift for distinguished professorshipEndowment will support leader in gynecologic oncology Financial adviser Elizabeth Mannen Berges lives each day with heightened gratitude for the basic components of a meaningful life—fulfilling work, caring relationships, and a sense of purpose. A...Read The Full StorySiteman Advancement OfficeVolunteering and ContributingThe Foundation for Barnes-Jewish Hospital Request an Appointment Request an Appointment For help choosing a doctor or making an appointment, please complete our form or call us directly. (800) 600-3606 I am a: Patient / New Patient Caregiver Physician Menu The Siteman Approach The Siteman Approach Surgery Surgery Options Expertise in Radiation Oncology Our Radiation Oncology Team External-Beam Radiation Therapy 3D Conformal Radiation Therapy Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT and Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) Adaptive Radiation Therapy Gamma Knife Proton Beam Therapy Brachytherapy Hyperthermia Therapy Systemic Radiation Therapy Side Effects of Radiation Therapy Medical Therapy Scalp Cooling Cancer Imaging Pathology Genetics and Hereditary Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy What's on this page The McDonnell Genome Institute (MGI) Genomics and Pathology Services (GPS) | Treatment | The Siteman Approach | Genetics and Hereditary Cancer Genetics and Hereditary Cancer We are a mass of genes, about 25,000 different genes in each cell of our bodies. These genes control how the cell works, how quickly it grows, how often it divides and how long it lives. We have two sets of 23 chromosomes that contain these genes, one set inherited from each parent. Cancer happens when a gene in a cell mutates, or changes. This creates an abnormal protein that provides information to the cell which causes it to grow uncontrollably and form a cancer. Gene mutations may be inherited or acquired. Acquired gene mutations are by far the most common cause of cancer, and happen because of damage to genes during a person’s life.  Damage may occur from exposure to tobacco, ultraviolet (UV) light, radiation, chemicals, viruses or aging. Multiple mutations must occur in a cell for a cancer to develop. Acquired gene mutations are not passed on from your parents. Acquired gene mutations occur spontaneously. Siteman Cancer Center is involved in studying the genetic make up of tumors and documenting the acquired mutations that occur in many cancer types. Detailing a specific cancer’s unique genetic signature provides vital information for matching treatments to specific  cancers. Researchers and oncologists work closely to identify treatments that match a particular tumor’s genome. In doing so, the treating physician has a better idea which treatments many be most effective for a person’s specific tumor. Approximately 10 percent of all cancers types arise not from acquired gene mutations that develop spontaneously, but from inherited gene mutations, which are passed directly from a parent to a child. Since these types of gene mutations are present from birth, people with inherited gene changes in certain genes have a higher chance to develop different types of cancer. The types of cancer are based on the specific gene that has an inherited gene mutation. People with an inherited gene mutation leading to an increased chance to develop cancer are said to have hereditary cancer or have a hereditary cancer predisposition. The Hereditary Cancer Program provides assessment, education and genetic testing for families to identify if they have hereditary cancer. The goal of the assessment is to identify families who have an increased cancer risk and to use this information to guide their medical care. The McDonnell Genome Institute (MGI) The McDonnell Genome Institute (MGI) is a world leader in the fast-paced, constantly changing field of genomics. A truly unique institution, it pushes the limits of academic research by creating, testing, and implementing new approaches to the study of biology with the goal of understanding human health and disease, as well as evolution and the biology of other organisms. As one of only three NIH funded large-scale sequencing centers in the United States, the McDonnell Genome Institute is helping to lead the way in high-speed, comprehensive genomics. It began as a key player in the Human Genome Project – an international effort to decode all 6 billion letters of our genetic blueprint – ultimately contributing 25 percent of the finished sequence, and continuing to work in concert with a number of other genome sequencing centers around the world. A major goal of the McDonnell Genome Institute is to advance the emerging field of cancer genomics. In 2008, the McDonnell Genome Institute became the first to sequence the complete genome of a cancer patient — a woman with leukemia — and to trace her disease to its genetic roots. They have since sequenced the genomes of many cancer patients including those with breast, lung, ovarian and brain tumors. The McDonnell Genome Institute has also initiated a major landmark project with St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital to sequence the genomes of several hundred pediatric cancer patients. Genomics and Pathology Services (GPS) Genomics and Pathology Services (GPS) is a clinical genomics laboratory at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and is a collaborative initiative between the Department of Pathology & Immunology and the Department of Genetics. Their CAP-accredited, CLIA-certified laboratories deliver clinically validated testing supported by extensive clinical and genomic experience and advanced technologies. GPS&＃8217; clinical genomic tests improve patient care by enabling personalized medicine. Flagship genomic tests employ next-generation sequencing and return genomic intelligence across multiple key disease-relevant genes to drive treatment decisions. Sequencing results are interpreted by board certified pathologists and clinical geneticists; and variants are categorized by medical significance in a concise clinical report. These results help physicians stratify disease subtypes and identify the best patient treatment strategies. The clinical report returned to the ordering physician contains expert clinical interpretations that pertain to the clinical diagnosis and the genetic variants identified in a patient. This allows for rapid patient management decisions to be made by the treating physician. GPS has done solid tumor gene sequencing of 65 genes with clinical importance in a wide range of different types of cancer: adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, gliomas, sarcomas and melanomas. Indications for testing include cancer cases in early stage disease where a mutational profile can affect diagnosis or disease stratification, prognosis, or treatment options. For late stage cancers, the test is designed to evaluate options for alternative treatments, including targeted therapies. Another gene set deciphered is the hematopoietic (blood cancers) disorders gene set: sequencing of 54 genes with clinical importance in myeloid, lymphoid and mixed leukemias. It also includes genes that can help establish diagnosis and prognosis for pre-leukemic syndromes. Indications for testing include myelodysplastic and suspected cancer where a mutational profile from multiple genes has implications for diagnosis or disease stratification, prognosis, or treatment options. For leukemias, the test is designed to evaluate options for therapies targeting signaling pathways and DNA methylation CNS Tumor Gene Set: this set of 24 genes has clinical importance in tumors of the central nervous system. Melanoma Gene Set: Thirty-three genes have been identified with clinical importance in melanomas. Genetic testing in cancer provides information useful for diagnosis, prognosis (chance of recovery, based on extent of disease), and treatment selection. A single mutation may impact all of these areas. The vast majority of this clinically relevant information applies to the effects of isolated mutations, and the current challenge is to understand how recurrent isolated mutations behave in different combinations. Diagnosis – There are long-standing examples of mutations or rearrangements that are considered diagnostic for a particular solid tumor. Prognosis – Mutational profiles are important in disease typing and subtyping. For example, some mutations may indicate a poor prognosis in adenocarcinomas of the lung, colon and pancreas. Others might indicate a poor prognosis in breast cancer and certain brain cancers, but be associated with a better prognosis in endometrial cancers. Treatment – there are now dozens of mutations that have been identified in certain cancers that indicate whether the tumor will be susceptible or resistant to different anti-cancer therapy. As the number of known variants in mutated genes grows, testing becomes a more powerful technology to manage patients with cancer. Contact 800-600-3606 Email Subscribe for Siteman Updates X-twitter Facebook Youtube Linkedin Instagram Careers Washington University Barnes-Jewish Hospital Locations Washington University Medical Campus West County St. Charles County South County North County Illinois Copyright © 2015 - 2024 All rights reserved.