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Prospective Students Current Students Faculty & Staff Alumni Industry Start your application today Undergraduate Admissions Graduate Admissions Dual Degree Program Graduate applicants: Attend an info session and skip the application fee Search Trending Searches graduate admissions academic programs financial aid academic calendar maps & directions summer school Home News & Events Novel material supercharges innovation in electrostatic energy storage Novel material supercharges innovation in electrostatic energy storage Sang-Hoon Bae developed heterostructures with material properties optimal for high-density energy storage, durable ultrafast charging Shawn Ballard  04.18.2024 Artificial heterostructures made of freestanding 2D and 3D membranes developed by Sang-Hoon Bae’s lab have an energy density up to 19 times higher than commercially available capacitors. (Credit: Bae Lab) Share Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Linkedin Email Electrostatic capacitors play a crucial role in modern electronics. They enable ultrafast charging and discharging, providing energy storage and power for devices ranging from smartphones, laptops and routers to medical devices, automotive electronics and industrial equipment. However, the ferroelectric materials used in capacitors have significant energy loss due to their material properties, making it difficult to provide high energy storage capability.&＃160; Sang-Hoon Bae, assistant professor of mechanical engineering & materials science in the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis, has addressed this long-standing challenge in deploying ferroelectric materials for energy storage applications. In a study published April 18 in Science, Bae and his collaborators, including Rohan Mishra, associate professor of mechanical engineering & materials science, and Chuan Wang, associate professor of electrical & systems engineering, both at WashU, and Frances Ross, the TDK Professor in Materials Science and Engineering at MIT, introduced an approach to control the relaxation time &＃8211; an internal material property that describes how long it takes for charge to dissipate or decay &＃8211; of ferroelectric capacitors using 2D materials.&＃160; Working with Bae, doctoral student Justin S. Kim and postdoctoral researcher Sangmoon Han developed novel 2D/3D/2D heterostructures that can minimize energy loss while preserving the advantageous material properties of ferroelectric 3D materials. Their approach cleverly sandwiches 2D and 3D materials in atomically thin layers with carefully engineered chemical and nonchemical bonds between each layer. A very thin 3D core is inserted between two outer 2D layers to create a stack only about 30 nanometers thick. That&＃8217;s about one-tenth the size of an average virus particle.&＃160; &＃8220;We created a new structure based on the innovations we&＃8217;ve already made in my lab involving 2D materials,&＃8221; Bae said. &＃8220;Initially, we weren&＃8217;t focused on energy storage, but during our exploration of material properties, we found a new physical phenomenon that we realized could be applied to energy storage, and that was both very interesting and potentially much more useful.&＃8221; The 2D/3D/2D heterostructures are finely crafted to sit in the sweet spot between conductivity and nonconductivity where semiconducting materials have optimal electric properties for energy storage. With this design, Bae and his collaborators reported an energy density up to 19 times higher than commercially available ferroelectric capacitors, and they achieved an efficiency over 90%, which is also unprecedented. &＃8220;We found that dielectric relaxation time can be modulated or induced by a very small gap in the material structure,&＃8221; Bae explained. &＃8220;That new physical phenomenon is something we hadn&＃8217;t seen before. It enables us to manipulate dielectric material in such a way that it doesn&＃8217;t polarize and lose charge capability.&＃8221; As the world grapples with the imperative of transitioning toward next-generation electronics components, Bae's novel heterostructure material paves the way for high-performance electronic devices, encompassing high-power electronics, high-frequency wireless communication systems, and integrated circuit chips. These advancements are particularly crucial in sectors requiring robust power management solutions, such as electric vehicles and infrastructure development. &＃8220;Fundamentally, this structure we&＃8217;ve developed is a novel electronic material,&＃8221; Bae said. &＃8220;We&＃8217;re not yet 100% optimal, but already we&＃8217;re outperforming what other labs are doing. Our next steps will be to make this material structure even better, so we can meet the need for ultrafast charging and discharging and very high energy densities in capacitors. We must be able to do that without losing storage capacity over repeated charges to see this material used broadly in large electronics, like electric vehicles, and other developing green technologies.&＃8221; Han S, Kim JS, Park E, Meng Y, Xu Z, Foucher AC, Jung GY, Roh I, Lee S, Kim SO, Moon JY, Kim SI, Bae S, Zhang X, Park BI, Seo S, Li Y, Shin H, Reidy K, Hoang AT, Sundaram S, Vuong P, Kim C, Zhao J, Hwang J, Wang C, Choi H, Kim DH, Kwon J, Park JH, Ougazzaden A, Lee JH, Ahn JH, Kim J, Mishra R, Kim HS, Ross FM, and Bae SH. High energy density in artificial heterostructures through relaxation time modulation. Science, April 18, 2024. DOI:&＃160;https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adl2835&＃160; This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (2240995, DMR-2122070 and DMR-2145797), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (IO221219-04250-01), the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (P0017305), the National Research Foundation of Korea (2015R1A3A2066337), and the Army Research Office&＃8217;s Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (W911NF-21-1-0327). This work used computational resources through allocation DMR160007 from the Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS) program, which is supported by NSF. &＃160; &＃160; Click on the topics below for more stories in those areas Research Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Back to News Faculty in this story View Profile Rohan Mishra Associate Professor View Profile Chuan Wang Associate Professor View Profile Sang-Hoon Bae Assistant Professor In the Media The Cool Down:&＃160;Scientists accidentally create potential solution for major long-term issue with electric cars: 'Something we hadn't seen before' Live Science: EV batteries could last much longer thanks to new capacitor with 19-times higher energy density that scientists created by mistake You may also be interested in: Advancing robot autonomy in unpredictable environments Yiannis Kantaros will enable teams of robots to interact collaboratively, perceive and respond to their environment with a CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation. 06.10.2024 DEMIST artificial intelligence tool may enhance usability of medical images A deep-learning-based image denoising method developed by Abhinav Jha may improve detection of myocardial defects in low-count SPECT scans. 06.04.2024 Quantum physics may help lasers see through fog, aid in communications JT Shen to pioneer two-color quantum photonic laser with DARPA grant. 06.04.2024 Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Instagram YouTube Engineering Departments Biomedical Engineering Computer Science & Engineering Division of Engineering Education Electrical & Systems Engineering Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Sever Institute - professional degrees Technology & Leadership Center - training for industry Contact Us Washington University in St. Louis McKelvey School of Engineering MSC: 1100-122-303 1 Brookings Drive St. Louis, MO 63130-4899 Contact Us Resources COVID-19 Resources Canvas Directory Equity, Diversity & Inclusion Emergency Management Engineering IT Maps & Directions Make a Gift WebFAC / WebSTAC ©2024 Washington University in St. Louis. 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